PARENTHESES

Parenthesis is an independent sentence element occuring in occurring in spoken English. Parenthesis may not form part of a sentence grammatical structure. It is connected to a sentence rather semantically than grammatically. It's main function is to show the speaker's attitude to the thought expressed in the sentence, to connect the the two utterances or to summarize the idea of the sentence.

Parenthesis may exploit the following groups of words and phrases:

• modal words (really, certainly, surely, in a word, in my oppinion, to be sure, to tell the truth, etc.);
• adverbs (firstly, secondly, besides; to turn now to, speaking of, as for, as to, etc.)
• parenthetic clauses ( I believe, I hope, you see, as you know, etc.)

TASK: Use different types of parenthetic sentences in a dialogue of your own. Make sure to use not less than 15 parenthetic words and phrases.

INTERJECTIONS

Interjections express a variety of emotions, such as joy, sorrow, surprise, anger, annoyance, indignation, etc. Interjections represent a specific class of emotive words and phrases, and they are not to be mixed with one-word sentences that are built by means of notional words.
Here are some examples of interjections:
Oh, Ah, Well, My God, Good God, My Goodness, By God, By Jove, By George, By Jupiter, Goodness graciuos, For God's sake, Heavens, Good heavens, Heavens above, Heavens forbid, Why, of course, Now then, now, There, Oh, come on, Darling, Oh, dear, My, I suppose, etc.

TASK: Use different interjections to illustrate the emotions they convey in a dialogue of your own.

INVERSION

TASK: Study the information about the Inversion and write a composition on any topic using different types of inversion mentioned below.

I. Verb + subject – optional inversion (stylistic)
Auxiliary verb + subject + verb phrase (grammatical inversion)

II. Here comes + noun
There goes + noun
Adverb expressing direction of movement + verb (come/go/fly)

III. Grammatical inversion: if-clause; as/than (comparison); so + adj. … that / such + be … that; neither … / nor …

IV. Lexical inversion: negative adverbials